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Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Brazil enjoy many of the same legal protections available to non-LGBT people, with LGBT people having marriage rights available nationwide since May 2013.〔(Brazilian judicial council orders notaries to recognize same-sex marriage )〕 On May 5, 2011, the Supreme Federal Court voted in favour of allowing same-sex couples the same 112 legal rights as married couples. The decision was approved by 10–0 with one abstention – one justice abstained because he had spoken publicly in favor of same-sex unions when he was attorney general.〔(Same-sex unions recognized by Brazil's high court ) , CNN, Marilia Brocchetto and Luciani Gomes〕 The ruling will give same-sex couples in stable partnerships the same financial and social rights enjoyed by those in opposite-sex relationships.〔(Brazil Supreme Court awards gay couples new rights ) 〕 Consequently, on May 14, 2013, The Justice's National Council of Brazil legalized same-sex marriage in the entire country in a 14-1 vote by issuing a ruling that orders all civil registers of the country to perform same-sex marriages and convert any existing civil unions into marriages if the couples so desire.〔http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/cidades,cnj-obriga-cartorios-a-celebrar-casamento-entre-homossexuais,1031678,0.htm〕〔(Decisão do CNJ obriga cartórios a fazer casamento homossexual )〕〔(CNJ obriga cartórios a converterem união estável gay em casamento )〕〔(Brazil judicial panel clears way for gay marriage )〕 Joaquim Barbosa, then president of the Council of Justice and the Supreme Federal Court, said in the decision that notaries cannot continue to refuse to "perform a civil wedding or the conversion of a stable civil union into a marriage between persons of the same sex."〔 The ruling was published on May 15 and took effect on May 16, 2013.〔 (DIÁRIO DA JUSTIÇA CONSELHO NACIONAL DE JUSTIÇA Edição nº 89/2013 )〕〔 (Regra que obriga cartórios a fazer casamento gay vale a partir do dia 16 )〕 The list of various LGBT rights in Brazil has expanded since the end of the military dictatorship in 1985, and the creation of the new Constitution of Brazil of 1988.〔(Gay rights during the military dictatorship (1964–1985) ) 〕 In 2009, a survey conducted in 10 Brazilian cities found that 7.8% of men identified as gay with bisexual males accounting for another 2.6% of the total population (for a total of 10.4%). The Brazilian lesbian population was 4.9% of females with bisexual women reaching 1.4% (for a total of 6.3%).〔(Pesquisa afirma que 10,4% dos homens brasileiros são gay ou bi ) 〕 There are no nationwide statistics. According to the Guinness World Records, the São Paulo Gay Pride Parade is the world's largest LGBT Pride celebration, with 4 million people in 2009.〔(São Paulo Gay Parade ) 〕 Brazil had 60,002 same-sex couples in the same home, according to the Brazilian Census of 2010 (IBGE).〔(Censo mostra que o Brasil tem 60 mil casais gay com união estável ) 〕 The South American country has 300 active LGBT organizations.〔(Parada gay de Curitiba com cunho político ) 〕 ==Timeline== (詳細はDom Pedro I signed into law the Imperial Penal Code. It eliminates all references to sodomy.〔(''Beyond Carnival'' ). Green, James. The University of Chicago Press. 1999. 〕 * 1979: ''O Lampião'', a gay magazine, with contributions by many famous authors, like João Silvério Trevisan, Aguinaldo Silva and Luiz Mott, is launched. It survived just for a year. * 1980: Grupo Gay da Bahia, the oldest gay rights organization in Brazil, is founded in Salvador, Bahia, together with SOMOS, another organization in São Paulo, State of São Paulo. * 1989: The constitutions of Mato Grosso and Sergipe states are signed into law. They explicitly forbid discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation.〔] 〕 * 1995: Congresswoman Marta Suplicy proposes Bill project No. 1151 concerning civil unions. The bill is pending approval in the House since 1995. * 1997: ''G Magazine'', the first gay-oriented erotic magazine is published enjoying large and national distribution. * 2004: Rio Grande do Sul allows same-sex partners to register civil unions in a generic civil law notary after a court decision in March 2004.〔(Notary of Rio Grande do Sul accept registration of same-sex civil union ). Terra. March 4, 2004. 〕 * 2006: A male gay couple from Catanduva, São Paulo officially adopts a five-year-old girl.〔("Cartórios do RS aceitam registro de união gay". Baptista, Renata. ''Folha de S. Paulo''. November 23, 2006. ) 〕 According to ''Folha de S. Paulo'', a lesbian couple from Rio Grande do Sul was the first to use this right.〔(Justiça autoriza casal gay a adotar criança no interior de SP ). ''Folha de S. Paulo''. November 28, 2006. 〕 * June 10, 2007: In its eleventh edition, the São Paulo Gay Pride Parade breaks its own record as the biggest parade in the world and attracts 3.5 million people.〔(São Paulo Gay Pride Parade ). ''Folha de S. Paulo''. June 10, 2007. 〕 * June 25, 2007: The Richarlyson affair occurred in which a judge was brought before the Justice Council of São Paulo for stating in court that soccer is a "virile, masculine sport and not a homosexual one." However, afterwards the same judge apologized and afterwards decided to annul the decision he wrote.〔(Em programa de TV, Richarlyson nega ser homossexual ) 〕 * 2008: National LGBT Conference was held. The event, the first in the world to be organized by a government, is a result of demands made by civil society and the Brazilian government's support of LGBT people's rights.〔(2008 National LGBT Conference ) 〕 * 2010: In a landmark trial by ministers themselves, the 4th Class of the Superior Court of Justice of Brazil acknowledged, unanimously, that homosexual couples have the right to adopt children. * 2011: On May 5, Supremo Tribunal Federal unanimously extended the stable unions institute (''união estável'') to same-sex couples nationwide by redefining the laic definition of family and provided 112 rights to these couples. The extension of the marriage institute was not discussed in this decision.〔(Same-sex civil union in Brazil ) 〕〔(Direitos dos homossexuais com a decisão do STF ) 〕〔(Por unanimdade STF reconhece União Estável Gay ) 〕〔(STF retoma julgamento sobre União Estável ) 〕 * 2011: On June 27, first same-sex civil union was converted into a same-sex marriage in Brazil. A Brazilian judge in São Paulo had converted a civil union into a same-sex marriage, a first in the nation. After this case, other civil unions were converted into a full marriage.〔Jessica Geen, (Brazil judge approves gay marriage ), ''Pink News'', June 28, 2011〕 * 2011: On October 25, the Superior Court of Justice declared that the legal union of two women who petitioned the court could be recognized as a marriage. Differently from the U.S. Supreme Court's "stare decisis", the Superior Court decision will only reach the authors of the demand, but stands as a precedent that can be followed in similar cases.〔(Same-sex marriage is legal by Superior Court of Justice ) 〕 * 2013: On May 14, The Justice's National Council of Brazil legalized same-sex marriage in the entire country in a 14-1 vote by issuing a ruling that orders all civil registers of the country to perform same-sex marriages and convert any existing civil unions into marriages if such a couple desires. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「LGBT rights in Brazil」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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